Export back-ends: Use `org-export-get-reference'

* lisp/ox-beamer.el (org-beamer-link):
(org-beamer-plain-list):
(org-beamer-target):
(org-beamer-radio-target):

* lisp/ox-html.el (org-html--wrap-image):
(org-html--format-toc-headline):
(org-html-list-of-listings):
(org-html-list-of-tables):
(org-html-headline):
(org-html-inline-src-block):
(org-html-link):
(org-html-paragraph):
(org-html-section):
(org-html-radio-target):
(org-html-src-block):
(org-html-table):
(org-html-target):

* lisp/ox-latex.el (org-latex--caption/label-string):
(org-latex--wrap-label):
(org-latex-center-block):
(org-latex-drawer):
(org-latex-dynamic-block):
(org-latex-example-block):
(org-latex-fixed-width):
(org-latex-headline):
(org-latex-horizontal-rule):
(org-latex-latex-environment):
(org-latex-link):
(org-latex-plain-list):
(org-latex-quote-block):
(org-latex-radio-target):
(org-latex-target):
(org-latex-verse-block):

* lisp/ox-man.el (org-man-target):

* lisp/ox-md.el (org-md-headline):

* lisp/ox-odt.el (org-odt-format-headline--wrap):
(org-odt-headline):
(org-odt-format-label):
(org-odt-link--infer-description):
(org-odt-link):
(org-odt-radio-target):
(org-odt-target):

* lisp/ox-texinfo.el (org-texinfo--get-node):
(org-texinfo-radio-target):
(org-texinfo-target):

* contrib/lisp/ox-groff.el (org-groff-link):
(org-groff-radio-target):
(org-groff-target):

* contrib/lisp/ox-rss.el (org-rss-headline): Use
  `org-export-get-reference'.

9 files changed, 164 insertions, 212 deletions

diff --git a/contrib/lisp/ox-groff.el b/contrib/lisp/ox-groff.el
index c776d3c..96ead87 100644
--- a/contrib/lisp/ox-groff.el
+++ b/contrib/lisp/ox-groff.el
@@ -1269,8 +1269,7 @@ INFO is a plist holding contextual information.  See
       (let ((destination (org-export-resolve-radio-link link info)))
         (if (not destination) desc
           (format "\\fI [%s] \\fP"
-                  (org-export-solidify-link-text
-		   (org-element-property :value destination))))))
+		  (org-export-get-reference destination info)))))
 
      ;; Links pointing to a headline: find destination and build
      ;; appropriate referencing command.
@@ -1302,9 +1301,9 @@ INFO is a plist holding contextual information.  See
                             (org-element-property :title destination) info))))))
           ;; Fuzzy link points to a target.  Do as above.
           (otherwise
-           (let ((path (org-export-solidify-link-text path)))
-             (if (not desc) (format "\\fI%s\\fP" path)
-               (format "%s \\fBat\\fP \\fI%s\\fP" desc path)))))))
+           (let ((ref (org-export-get-reference destination info)))
+             (if (not desc) (format "\\fI%s\\fP" ref)
+               (format "%s \\fBat\\fP \\fI%s\\fP" desc ref)))))))
      ;; External link with a description part.
      ((and path desc) (format "%s \\fBat\\fP \\fI%s\\fP" path desc))
      ;; External link without a description part.
@@ -1458,10 +1457,7 @@ holding contextual information."
   "Transcode a RADIO-TARGET object from Org to Groff.
 TEXT is the text of the target.  INFO is a plist holding
 contextual information."
-  (format "%s - %s"
-          (org-export-solidify-link-text
-           (org-element-property :value radio-target))
-          text))
+  (format "%s - %s" (org-export-get-reference radio-target info) text))
 
 ;;; Section
 
@@ -1791,8 +1787,7 @@ a communication channel."
   "Transcode a TARGET object from Org to Groff.
 CONTENTS is nil.  INFO is a plist holding contextual
 information."
-  (format "\\fI%s\\fP"
-          (org-export-solidify-link-text (org-element-property :value target))))
+  (format "\\fI%s\\fP" (org-export-get-reference target info)))
 
 ;;; Timestamp
 
diff --git a/contrib/lisp/ox-rss.el b/contrib/lisp/ox-rss.el
index 8d3cc27..4cdfe0e 100644
--- a/contrib/lisp/ox-rss.el
+++ b/contrib/lisp/ox-rss.el
@@ -237,10 +237,7 @@ communication channel."
 	   (hl-home (file-name-as-directory (plist-get info :html-link-home)))
 	   (hl-pdir (plist-get info :publishing-directory))
 	   (hl-perm (org-element-property :RSS_PERMALINK headline))
-	   (anchor
-	    (org-export-solidify-link-text
-	     (or (org-element-property :CUSTOM_ID headline)
-		 (concat "sec-" (mapconcat 'number-to-string hl-number "-")))))
+	   (anchor (org-export-get-reference headline info))
 	   (category (org-rss-plain-text
 		      (or (org-element-property :CATEGORY headline) "") info))
 	   (pubdate0 (org-element-property :PUBDATE headline))
diff --git a/lisp/ox-beamer.el b/lisp/ox-beamer.el
index 1dfd3d7..3306a6d 100644
--- a/lisp/ox-beamer.el
+++ b/lisp/ox-beamer.el
@@ -720,8 +720,7 @@ used as a communication channel."
 	(if (not destination) contents
 	  (format "\\hyperlink%s{%s}{%s}"
 		  (or (org-beamer--element-has-overlay-p link) "")
-		  (org-export-solidify-link-text
-		   (org-element-property :value destination))
+		  (org-export-get-reference destination info)
 		  contents))))
      ((and (member type '("custom-id" "fuzzy" "id"))
 	   (let ((destination (if (string= type "fuzzy")
@@ -743,11 +742,11 @@ used as a communication channel."
 			    label
 			    contents))))
 	       (target
-		(let ((path (org-export-solidify-link-text path)))
-		  (if (not contents) (format "\\ref{%s}" path)
+		(let ((ref (org-export-get-reference destination info)))
+		  (if (not contents) (format "\\ref{%s}" ref)
 		    (format "\\hyperlink%s{%s}{%s}"
 			    (or (org-beamer--element-has-overlay-p link) "")
-			    path
+			    ref
 			    contents))))))))
      ;; Otherwise, use `latex' back-end.
      (t (org-export-with-backend 'latex link contents info)))))
@@ -785,7 +784,8 @@ contextual information."
 	      'option)
 	     ;; Eventually insert contents and close environment.
 	     contents
-	     latex-type))))
+	     latex-type)
+     info)))
 
 
 ;;;; Radio Target
@@ -796,8 +796,7 @@ TEXT is the text of the target.  INFO is a plist holding
 contextual information."
   (format "\\hypertarget%s{%s}{%s}"
 	  (or (org-beamer--element-has-overlay-p radio-target) "")
-	  (org-export-solidify-link-text
-	   (org-element-property :value radio-target))
+	  (org-export-get-reference radio-target info)
 	  text))
 
 
@@ -807,8 +806,7 @@ contextual information."
   "Transcode a TARGET object into Beamer code.
 CONTENTS is nil.  INFO is a plist holding contextual
 information."
-  (format "\\label{%s}"
-	  (org-export-solidify-link-text (org-element-property :value target))))
+  (format "\\label{%s}" (org-export-get-reference target info)))
 
 
 ;;;; Template
diff --git a/lisp/ox-html.el b/lisp/ox-html.el
index d2f141d..073e379 100644
--- a/lisp/ox-html.el
+++ b/lisp/ox-html.el
@@ -1516,8 +1516,7 @@ arguments CAPTION and LABEL are given, use them for caption and
     (format (if html5-fancy "\n<figure%s>%s%s\n</figure>"
 	      "\n<div%s class=\"figure\">%s%s\n</div>")
 	    ;; ID.
-	    (if (not (org-string-nw-p label)) ""
-	      (format " id=\"%s\"" (org-export-solidify-link-text label)))
+	    (if (org-string-nw-p label) (format " id=\"%s\"" label) "")
 	    ;; Contents.
 	    (format "\n<p>%s</p>" contents)
 	    ;; Caption.
@@ -2205,9 +2204,7 @@ INFO is a plist used as a communication channel."
 		    (org-export-get-tags headline info))))
     (format "<a href=\"#%s\">%s</a>"
 	    ;; Label.
-	    (org-export-solidify-link-text
-	     (or (org-element-property :CUSTOM_ID headline)
-		 (org-export-get-headline-id headline info)))
+	    (org-export-get-reference headline info)
 	    ;; Body.
 	    (concat
 	     (and (not (org-export-low-level-p headline info))
@@ -2235,7 +2232,8 @@ of listings as a string, or nil if it is empty."
 					 (org-html--translate "Listing %d:" info))))
 		(mapconcat
 		 (lambda (entry)
-		   (let ((label (org-element-property :name entry))
+		   (let ((label (and (org-element-property :name entry)
+				     (org-export-get-reference entry info)))
 			 (title (org-trim
 				 (org-export-data
 				  (or (org-export-get-caption entry t)
@@ -2246,7 +2244,7 @@ of listings as a string, or nil if it is empty."
 		      (if (not label)
 			  (concat (format initial-fmt (incf count)) " " title)
 			(format "<a href=\"#%s\">%s %s</a>"
-				(org-export-solidify-link-text label)
+				label
 				(format initial-fmt (incf count))
 				title))
 		      "</li>")))
@@ -2271,7 +2269,8 @@ of tables as a string, or nil if it is empty."
 					 (org-html--translate "Table %d:" info))))
 		(mapconcat
 		 (lambda (entry)
-		   (let ((label (org-element-property :name entry))
+		   (let ((label (and (org-element-property :name entry)
+				     (org-export-get-reference entry info)))
 			 (title (org-trim
 				 (org-export-data
 				  (or (org-export-get-caption entry t)
@@ -2282,7 +2281,7 @@ of tables as a string, or nil if it is empty."
 		      (if (not label)
 			  (concat (format initial-fmt (incf count)) " " title)
 			(format "<a href=\"#%s\">%s %s</a>"
-				(org-export-solidify-link-text label)
+				label
 				(format initial-fmt (incf count))
 				title))
 		      "</li>")))
@@ -2445,26 +2444,18 @@ holding contextual information."
            (full-text (funcall (plist-get info :html-format-headline-function)
                                todo todo-type priority text tags info))
            (contents (or contents ""))
-           (ids (delq nil
-                      (list (org-element-property :CUSTOM_ID headline)
-                            (org-export-get-headline-id headline info)
-                            (org-element-property :ID headline))))
-           (preferred-id (car ids))
-           (extra-ids (mapconcat
-                       (lambda (id)
-                         (org-html--anchor
-                          (org-export-solidify-link-text
-                           (if (org-uuidgen-p id) (concat "ID-" id) id))
-                          nil nil info))
-                       (cdr ids) "")))
+           (reference (org-export-get-reference headline info))
+           (extra-id (let ((id (org-element-property :ID headline)))
+		       (if (not id) ""
+			 (org-html--anchor (concat "ID-" id) nil nil info)))))
       (if (org-export-low-level-p headline info)
           ;; This is a deep sub-tree: export it as a list item.
           (let* ((type (if numberedp 'ordered 'unordered))
                  (itemized-body
                   (org-html-format-list-item
                    contents type nil info nil
-                   (concat (org-html--anchor preferred-id nil nil info)
-                           extra-ids
+                   (concat (org-html--anchor reference nil nil info)
+                           extra-id
                            full-text))))
             (concat (and (org-export-first-sibling-p headline info)
                          (org-html-begin-plain-list type))
@@ -2476,16 +2467,15 @@ holding contextual information."
           ;; Standard headline.  Export it as a section.
           (format "<%s id=\"%s\" class=\"%s\">%s%s</%s>\n"
                   (org-html--container headline info)
-                  (format "outline-container-%s"
-                          (or (org-element-property :CUSTOM_ID headline)
-                              (org-export-get-headline-id headline info)))
+                  (concat "outline-container-"
+			  (org-export-get-reference headline info))
                   (concat (format "outline-%d" level)
                           (and extra-class " ")
                           extra-class)
                   (format "\n<h%d id=\"%s\">%s%s</h%d>\n"
                           level
-                          preferred-id
-                          extra-ids
+                          reference
+                          extra-id
                           (concat
                            (and numberedp
                                 (format
@@ -2533,15 +2523,13 @@ CONTENTS is nil.  INFO is a plist holding contextual information."
   "Transcode an INLINE-SRC-BLOCK element from Org to HTML.
 CONTENTS holds the contents of the item.  INFO is a plist holding
 contextual information."
-  (let* ((org-lang (org-element-property :language inline-src-block))
-	 (code (org-element-property :value inline-src-block)))
-    (let ((lang (org-element-property :language inline-src-block))
-	  (code (org-html-format-code inline-src-block info))
-	  (label (let ((lbl (org-element-property :name inline-src-block)))
-		   (if (not lbl) ""
-		       (format " id=\"%s\""
-			       (org-export-solidify-link-text lbl))))))
-      (format "<code class=\"src src-%s\"%s>%s</code>" lang label code))))
+  (let ((lang (org-element-property :language inline-src-block))
+	(code (org-html-format-code inline-src-block info))
+	(label
+	 (let ((lbl (and (org-element-property :name inline-src-block)
+			 (org-export-get-reference inline-src-block info))))
+	   (if (not lbl) "" (format " id=\"%s\"" lbl)))))
+    (format "<code class=\"src src-%s\"%s>%s</code>" lang label code)))
 
 ;;;; Inlinetask
 
@@ -2896,9 +2884,9 @@ INFO is a plist holding contextual information.  See
       (let ((destination (org-export-resolve-radio-link link info)))
 	(if (not destination) desc
 	  (format "<a href=\"#%s\"%s>%s</a>"
-		  (org-export-solidify-link-text
-		   (org-element-property :value destination))
-		  attributes desc))))
+		  (org-export-get-reference destination info)
+		  attributes
+		  desc))))
      ;; Links pointing to a headline: Find destination and build
      ;; appropriate referencing command.
      ((member type '("custom-id" "fuzzy" "id"))
@@ -2922,43 +2910,42 @@ INFO is a plist holding contextual information.  See
 			(org-element-property :raw-link link) info))))
 	  ;; Link points to a headline.
 	  (headline
-	   (let ((href (or (and (string= type "custom-id")
-				(org-element-property :CUSTOM_ID destination))
-			   (org-export-get-headline-id destination info)))
+	   (let ((href (org-export-get-reference destination info))
 		 ;; What description to use?
 		 (desc
 		  ;; Case 1: Headline is numbered and LINK has no
 		  ;; description.  Display section number.
 		  (if (and (org-export-numbered-headline-p destination info)
 			   (not desc))
-		      (mapconcat 'number-to-string
+		      (mapconcat #'number-to-string
 				 (org-export-get-headline-number
 				  destination info) ".")
 		    ;; Case 2: Either the headline is un-numbered or
 		    ;; LINK has a custom description.  Display LINK's
 		    ;; description or headline's title.
-		    (or desc (org-export-data (org-element-property
-					       :title destination) info)))))
-	     (format "<a href=\"#%s\"%s>%s</a>"
-		     (org-export-solidify-link-text href) attributes desc)))
+		    (or desc
+			(org-export-data
+			 (org-element-property :title destination) info)))))
+	     (format "<a href=\"#%s\"%s>%s</a>" href attributes desc)))
 	  ;; Fuzzy link points to a target or an element.
 	  (t
-	   (let* ((path (org-export-solidify-link-text path))
-		  (org-html-standalone-image-predicate 'org-html--has-caption-p)
+	   (let* ((ref (org-export-get-reference destination info))
+		  (org-html-standalone-image-predicate
+		   #'org-html--has-caption-p)
 		  (number (cond
 			   (desc nil)
 			   ((org-html-standalone-image-p destination info)
 			    (org-export-get-ordinal
 			     (org-element-map destination 'link
-			       'identity info t)
+			       #'identity info t)
 			     info 'link 'org-html-standalone-image-p))
 			   (t (org-export-get-ordinal
 			       destination info nil 'org-html--has-caption-p))))
 		  (desc (cond (desc)
 			      ((not number) "No description for this link")
 			      ((numberp number) (number-to-string number))
-			      (t (mapconcat 'number-to-string number ".")))))
-	     (format "<a href=\"#%s\"%s>%s</a>" path attributes desc))))))
+			      (t (mapconcat #'number-to-string number ".")))))
+	     (format "<a href=\"#%s\"%s>%s</a>" ref attributes desc))))))
      ;; Coderef: replace link with the reference name or the
      ;; equivalent line number.
      ((string= type "coderef")
@@ -3028,7 +3015,8 @@ the plist used as a communication channel."
 			     'identity info t)
 			   info nil 'org-html-standalone-image-p))
 		  "</span> " raw))))
-	    (label (org-element-property :name paragraph)))
+	    (label (and (org-element-property :name paragraph)
+			(org-export-get-reference paragraph info))))
 	(org-html--wrap-image contents info caption label)))
      ;; Regular paragraph.
      (t (format "<p%s%s>\n%s</p>"
@@ -3176,7 +3164,7 @@ holding contextual information."
 		class-num
 		(or (org-element-property :CUSTOM_ID parent)
 		    section-number
-		    (org-export-get-headline-id parent info))
+		    (org-export-get-reference parent info))
 		(or contents ""))))))
 
 ;;;; Radio Target
@@ -3185,9 +3173,8 @@ holding contextual information."
   "Transcode a RADIO-TARGET object from Org to HTML.
 TEXT is the text of the target.  INFO is a plist holding
 contextual information."
-  (let ((id (org-export-solidify-link-text
-	     (org-element-property :value radio-target))))
-    (org-html--anchor id text nil info)))
+  (let ((ref (org-export-get-reference radio-target info)))
+    (org-html--anchor ref text nil info)))
 
 ;;;; Special Block
 
@@ -3225,10 +3212,9 @@ contextual information."
     (let ((lang (org-element-property :language src-block))
 	  (caption (org-export-get-caption src-block))
 	  (code (org-html-format-code src-block info))
-	  (label (let ((lbl (org-element-property :name src-block)))
-		   (if (not lbl) ""
-		     (format " id=\"%s\""
-			     (org-export-solidify-link-text lbl))))))
+	  (label (let ((lbl (and (org-element-property :name src-block)
+				 (org-export-get-reference src-block info))))
+		   (if lbl (format " id=\"%s\"" lbl) ""))))
       (if (not lang) (format "<pre class=\"example\"%s>\n%s</pre>" label code)
 	(format
 	 "<div class=\"org-src-container\">\n%s%s\n</div>"
@@ -3390,14 +3376,14 @@ contextual information."
     (table.el (org-html-table--table.el-table table info))
     ;; Case 2: Standard table.
     (t
-     (let* ((label (org-element-property :name table))
-	    (caption (org-export-get-caption table))
+     (let* ((caption (org-export-get-caption table))
 	    (number (org-export-get-ordinal
-		     table info nil 'org-html--has-caption-p))
+		     table info nil #'org-html--has-caption-p))
 	    (attributes
 	     (org-html--make-attribute-string
 	      (org-combine-plists
-	       (and label (list :id (org-export-solidify-link-text label)))
+	       (and (org-element-property :name table)
+		    (list :id (org-export-get-reference table info)))
 	       (and (not (org-html-html5-p info))
 		    (plist-get info :html-table-attributes))
 	       (org-export-read-attribute :attr_html table))))
@@ -3445,9 +3431,8 @@ contextual information."
   "Transcode a TARGET object from Org to HTML.
 CONTENTS is nil.  INFO is a plist holding contextual
 information."
-  (let ((id (org-export-solidify-link-text
-	     (org-element-property :value target))))
-    (org-html--anchor id nil nil info)))
+  (let ((ref (org-export-get-reference target info)))
+    (org-html--anchor ref nil nil info)))
 
 ;;;; Timestamp
 
diff --git a/lisp/ox-latex.el b/lisp/ox-latex.el
index b3c7f44..5627744 100644
--- a/lisp/ox-latex.el
+++ b/lisp/ox-latex.el
@@ -1050,25 +1050,25 @@ INFO is a plist holding contextual information.  If there's no
 caption nor label, return the empty string.
 
 For non-floats, see `org-latex--wrap-label'."
-  (let* ((label (org-element-property :name element))
-	 (label-str (if (not (org-string-nw-p label)) ""
-		      (format "\\label{%s}"
-			      (org-export-solidify-link-text label))))
+  (let* ((label
+	  (if (not (org-element-property :name element)) ""
+	    (format "\\label{%s}" (org-export-get-reference element info))))
 	 (main (org-export-get-caption element))
 	 (short (org-export-get-caption element t))
-	 (caption-from-attr-latex (org-export-read-attribute :attr_latex element :caption)))
+	 (caption-from-attr-latex
+	  (org-export-read-attribute :attr_latex element :caption)))
     (cond
      ((org-string-nw-p caption-from-attr-latex)
       (concat caption-from-attr-latex "\n"))
-     ((and (not main) (equal label-str "")) "")
-     ((not main) (concat label-str "\n"))
+     ((and (not main) (equal label "")) "")
+     ((not main) (concat label "\n"))
      ;; Option caption format with short name.
      (short (format "\\caption[%s]{%s%s}\n"
 		    (org-export-data short info)
-		    label-str
+		    label
 		    (org-export-data main info)))
      ;; Standard caption format.
-     (t (format "\\caption{%s%s}\n" label-str (org-export-data main info))))))
+     (t (format "\\caption{%s%s}\n" label (org-export-data main info))))))
 
 (defun org-latex-guess-inputenc (header)
   "Set the coding system in inputenc to what the buffer is.
@@ -1144,15 +1144,16 @@ nil."
 	     options
 	     ","))
 
-(defun org-latex--wrap-label (element output)
+(defun org-latex--wrap-label (element output info)
   "Wrap label associated to ELEMENT around OUTPUT, if appropriate.
-This function shouldn't be used for floats.  See
+INFO is the current export state, as a plist.  This function
+should not be used for floats.  See
 `org-latex--caption/label-string'."
-  (let ((label (org-element-property :name element)))
-    (if (not (and (org-string-nw-p output) (org-string-nw-p label))) output
-      (concat (format "\\phantomsection\n\\label{%s}\n"
-		      (org-export-solidify-link-text label))
-	      output))))
+  (if (not (and (org-string-nw-p output) (org-element-property :name element)))
+      output
+    (concat (format "\\phantomsection\n\\label{%s}\n"
+		    (org-export-get-reference element info))
+	    output)))
 
 (defun org-latex--text-markup (text markup info)
   "Format TEXT depending on MARKUP text markup.
@@ -1372,8 +1373,7 @@ contextual information."
 CONTENTS holds the contents of the center block.  INFO is a plist
 holding contextual information."
   (org-latex--wrap-label
-   center-block
-   (format "\\begin{center}\n%s\\end{center}" contents)))
+   center-block (format "\\begin{center}\n%s\\end{center}" contents) info))
 
 
 ;;;; Clock
@@ -1410,7 +1410,7 @@ holding contextual information."
   (let* ((name (org-element-property :drawer-name drawer))
 	 (output (funcall (plist-get info :latex-format-drawer-function)
 			  name contents)))
-    (org-latex--wrap-label drawer output)))
+    (org-latex--wrap-label drawer output info)))
 
 
 ;;;; Dynamic Block
@@ -1419,7 +1419,7 @@ holding contextual information."
   "Transcode a DYNAMIC-BLOCK element from Org to LaTeX.
 CONTENTS holds the contents of the block.  INFO is a plist
 holding contextual information.  See `org-export-data'."
-  (org-latex--wrap-label dynamic-block contents))
+  (org-latex--wrap-label dynamic-block contents info))
 
 
 ;;;; Entity
@@ -1441,7 +1441,8 @@ information."
     (org-latex--wrap-label
      example-block
      (format "\\begin{verbatim}\n%s\\end{verbatim}"
-	     (org-export-format-code-default example-block info)))))
+	     (org-export-format-code-default example-block info))
+     info)))
 
 
 ;;;; Export Block
@@ -1471,7 +1472,8 @@ CONTENTS is nil.  INFO is a plist holding contextual information."
    fixed-width
    (format "\\begin{verbatim}\n%s\\end{verbatim}"
 	   (org-remove-indentation
-	    (org-element-property :value fixed-width)))))
+	    (org-element-property :value fixed-width)))
+   info))
 
 
 ;;;; Footnote Reference
@@ -1566,7 +1568,7 @@ holding contextual information."
 	    (format "\\label{%s}\n"
 		    (or (and (plist-get info :latex-custom-id-labels)
 			     (org-element-property :CUSTOM_ID headline))
-			(org-export-get-headline-id headline info))))
+			(org-export-get-reference headline info))))
 	   (pre-blanks
 	    (make-string (org-element-property :pre-blank headline) 10)))
       (if (or (not section-fmt) (org-export-low-level-p headline info))
@@ -1669,7 +1671,8 @@ CONTENTS is nil.  INFO is a plist holding contextual information."
       horizontal-rule
       (format "\\rule{%s}{%s}"
 	      (or (plist-get attr :width) "\\linewidth")
-	      (or (plist-get attr :thickness) "0.5pt"))))))
+	      (or (plist-get attr :thickness) "0.5pt"))
+      info))))
 
 
 ;;;; Inline Src Block
@@ -1871,10 +1874,9 @@ CONTENTS is nil.  INFO is a plist holding contextual information."
   "Transcode a LATEX-ENVIRONMENT element from Org to LaTeX.
 CONTENTS is nil.  INFO is a plist holding contextual information."
   (when (plist-get info :with-latex)
-    (let ((label (org-element-property :name latex-environment))
-	  (value (org-remove-indentation
+    (let ((value (org-remove-indentation
 		  (org-element-property :value latex-environment))))
-      (if (not (org-string-nw-p label)) value
+      (if (not (org-element-property :name latex-environment)) value
 	;; Environment is labeled: label must be within the environment
 	;; (otherwise, a reference pointing to that element will count
 	;; the section instead).
@@ -1883,7 +1885,8 @@ CONTENTS is nil.  INFO is a plist holding contextual information."
 	  (goto-char (point-min))
 	  (forward-line)
 	  (insert
-	   (format "\\label{%s}\n" (org-export-solidify-link-text label)))
+	   (format "\\label{%s}\n"
+		   (org-export-get-reference latex-environment info)))
 	  (buffer-string))))))
 
 
@@ -2070,8 +2073,7 @@ INFO is a plist holding contextual information.  See
       (let ((destination (org-export-resolve-radio-link link info)))
 	(if (not destination) desc
 	  (format "\\hyperref[%s]{%s}"
-		  (org-export-solidify-link-text
-		   (org-element-property :value destination))
+		  (org-export-get-reference destination info)
 		  desc))))
      ;; Links pointing to a headline: Find destination and build
      ;; appropriate referencing command.
@@ -2099,7 +2101,7 @@ INFO is a plist holding contextual information.  See
 		   (and (plist-get info :latex-custom-id-labels)
 			(org-element-property :CUSTOM_ID destination)))
 		  (label (or custom-label
-			     (org-export-get-headline-id destination info))))
+			     (org-export-get-reference destination info))))
 	     (if (and (not desc)
 		      (org-export-numbered-headline-p destination info))
 		 (format "\\ref{%s}" label)
@@ -2109,9 +2111,9 @@ INFO is a plist holding contextual information.  See
 			    (org-element-property :title destination) info))))))
           ;; Fuzzy link points to a target.  Do as above.
 	  (otherwise
-	   (let ((path (org-export-solidify-link-text path)))
-	     (if (not desc) (format "\\ref{%s}" path)
-	       (format "\\hyperref[%s]{%s}" path desc)))))))
+	   (let ((ref (org-export-get-reference destination info)))
+	     (if (not desc) (format "\\ref{%s}" ref)
+	       (format "\\hyperref[%s]{%s}" ref desc)))))))
      ;; Coderef: replace link with the reference name or the
      ;; equivalent line number.
      ((string= type "coderef")
@@ -2165,7 +2167,8 @@ contextual information."
 	     latex-type
 	     (or (plist-get attr :options) "")
 	     contents
-	     latex-type))))
+	     latex-type)
+     info)))
 
 
 ;;;; Plain Text
@@ -2393,8 +2396,7 @@ channel."
 CONTENTS holds the contents of the block.  INFO is a plist
 holding contextual information."
   (org-latex--wrap-label
-   quote-block
-   (format "\\begin{quote}\n%s\\end{quote}" contents)))
+   quote-block (format "\\begin{quote}\n%s\\end{quote}" contents) info))
 
 
 ;;;; Radio Target
@@ -2403,10 +2405,7 @@ holding contextual information."
   "Transcode a RADIO-TARGET object from Org to LaTeX.
 TEXT is the text of the target.  INFO is a plist holding
 contextual information."
-  (format "\\label{%s}%s"
-	  (org-export-solidify-link-text
-	   (org-element-property :value radio-target))
-	  text))
+  (format "\\label{%s}%s" (org-export-get-reference radio-target info) text))
 
 
 ;;;; Section
@@ -3019,8 +3018,7 @@ a communication channel."
   "Transcode a TARGET object from Org to LaTeX.
 CONTENTS is nil.  INFO is a plist holding contextual
 information."
-  (format "\\label{%s}"
-	  (org-export-solidify-link-text (org-element-property :value target))))
+  (format "\\label{%s}" (org-export-get-reference target info)))
 
 
 ;;;; Timestamp
@@ -3077,7 +3075,8 @@ contextual information."
 	     "^[ \t]*\\\\\\\\$" "\\vspace*{1em}"
 	     (replace-regexp-in-string
 	      "\\([ \t]*\\\\\\\\\\)?[ \t]*\n" "\\\\\n"
-	      contents nil t) nil t) nil t))))
+	      contents nil t) nil t) nil t))
+   info))
 
 
 
diff --git a/lisp/ox-man.el b/lisp/ox-man.el
index c283f7d..e95c8b5 100644
--- a/lisp/ox-man.el
+++ b/lisp/ox-man.el
@@ -1073,8 +1073,7 @@ a communication channel."
   "Transcode a TARGET object from Org to Man.
 CONTENTS is nil.  INFO is a plist holding contextual
 information."
-  (format "\\fI%s\\fP"
-          (org-export-solidify-link-text (org-element-property :value target))))
+  (format "\\fI%s\\fP" (org-export-get-reference target info)))
 
 
 ;;; Timestamp
diff --git a/lisp/ox-md.el b/lisp/ox-md.el
index 181ecb1..b3fb10f 100644
--- a/lisp/ox-md.el
+++ b/lisp/ox-md.el
@@ -195,11 +195,9 @@ a communication channel."
 		 (let ((char (org-element-property :priority headline)))
 		   (and char (format "[#%c] " char)))))
 	   (anchor
-	    (when (plist-get info :with-toc)
-	      (org-html--anchor
-	       (or (org-element-property :CUSTOM_ID headline)
-		   (org-export-get-headline-id headline info))
-	       nil nil info)))
+	    (and (plist-get info :with-toc)
+		 (org-html--anchor
+		  (org-export-get-reference headline info) nil nil info)))
 	   ;; Headline text without tags.
 	   (heading (concat todo priority title))
 	   (style (plist-get info :md-headline-style)))
diff --git a/lisp/ox-odt.el b/lisp/ox-odt.el
index d060adf..9e31468 100644
--- a/lisp/ox-odt.el
+++ b/lisp/ox-odt.el
@@ -1813,7 +1813,7 @@ INFO is a plist holding contextual information."
 		(org-element-property :title headline) backend info))
 	 (tags (and (plist-get info :with-tags)
 		    (org-export-get-tags headline info)))
-	 (headline-label (org-export-get-headline-id headline info))
+	 (headline-label (org-export-get-reference headline info))
 	 (format-function
 	  (if (functionp format-function) format-function
 	    (function*
@@ -1840,18 +1840,11 @@ holding contextual information."
 	   (level (org-export-get-relative-level headline info))
 	   (numbered (org-export-numbered-headline-p headline info))
 	   ;; Get canonical label for the headline.
-	   (id (org-export-get-headline-id headline info))
-	   ;; Get user-specified labels for the headline.
-	   (extra-ids (list (org-element-property :CUSTOM_ID headline)
-			    (org-element-property :ID headline)))
+	   (id (org-export-get-reference headline info))
 	   ;; Extra targets.
 	   (extra-targets
-	    (mapconcat (lambda (x)
-			 (when x
-			   (let ((x (if (org-uuidgen-p x) (concat "ID-" x) x)))
-			     (org-odt--target
-			      "" (org-export-solidify-link-text x)))))
-		       extra-ids ""))
+	    (let ((id (org-element-property :ID headline)))
+	      (if id (org-odt--target "" (concat "ID-" id)) "")))
 	   ;; Title.
 	   (anchored-title (org-odt--target full-text id)))
       (cond
@@ -2164,9 +2157,9 @@ SHORT-CAPTION are strings."
 	    (link (org-export-get-parent-element element))
 	    (t element)))
 	 ;; Get label and caption.
-	 (label (org-element-property :name caption-from))
-	 (caption (org-export-get-caption caption-from))
-	 (caption (and caption (org-export-data caption info)))
+	 (label (org-export-get-reference element info))
+	 (caption (let ((c (org-export-get-caption caption-from)))
+		    (and c (org-export-data c info))))
 	 ;; FIXME: We don't use short-caption for now
 	 (short-caption nil))
     (when (or label caption)
@@ -2197,9 +2190,6 @@ SHORT-CAPTION are strings."
 	  (case op
 	    ;; Case 1: Handle Label definition.
 	    (definition
-	      ;; Assign an internal label, if user has not provided one
-	      (setq label (org-export-solidify-link-text
-			   (or label (format  "%s-%s" default-category seqno))))
 	      (cons
 	       (concat
 		;; Sneak in a bookmark.  The bookmark is used when the
@@ -2221,14 +2211,13 @@ SHORT-CAPTION are strings."
 	       short-caption))
 	    ;; Case 2: Handle Label reference.
 	    (reference
-	     (assert label)
-	     (setq label (org-export-solidify-link-text label))
 	     (let* ((fmt (cddr (assoc-string label-style org-odt-label-styles t)))
 		    (fmt1 (car fmt))
 		    (fmt2 (cadr fmt)))
 	       (format "<text:sequence-ref text:reference-format=\"%s\" text:ref-name=\"%s\">%s</text:sequence-ref>"
-		       fmt1 label (format-spec fmt2 `((?e . ,category)
-						      (?n . ,seqno))))))
+		       fmt1
+		       label
+		       (format-spec fmt2 `((?e . ,category) (?n . ,seqno))))))
 	    (t (error "Unknown %S on label" op))))))))
 
 
@@ -2668,11 +2657,10 @@ Return nil, otherwise."
   ;; FIXME: Handle footnote-definition footnote-reference?
   (let* ((genealogy (org-element-lineage destination))
 	 (data (reverse genealogy))
-	 (label (case (org-element-type destination)
-		  (headline (org-export-get-headline-id destination info))
-		  (target
-		   (org-element-property :value destination))
-		  (t (error "FIXME: Resolve %S" destination)))))
+	 (label (let ((type (org-element-type destination)))
+		  (if (memq type '(headline target))
+		      (org-export-get-reference destination info)
+		    (error "FIXME: Unable to resolve %S" destination)))))
     (or
      (let* ( ;; Locate top-level list.
 	    (top-level-list
@@ -2709,7 +2697,7 @@ Return nil, otherwise."
        (let ((item-numbers (append listified-headline-nos item-numbers)))
 	 (when (and item-numbers (not (memq nil item-numbers)))
 	   (format "<text:bookmark-ref text:reference-format=\"number-all-superior\" text:ref-name=\"%s\">%s</text:bookmark-ref>"
-		   (org-export-solidify-link-text label)
+		   label
 		   (mapconcat (lambda (n) (if (not n) " "
 				       (concat (number-to-string n) ".")))
 			      item-numbers "")))))
@@ -2727,7 +2715,7 @@ Return nil, otherwise."
        ;; We found one.
        (when headline
 	 (format "<text:bookmark-ref text:reference-format=\"chapter\" text:ref-name=\"OrgXref.%s\">%s</text:bookmark-ref>"
-		 (org-export-solidify-link-text label)
+		 label
 		 (mapconcat 'number-to-string (org-export-get-headline-number
 					       headline info) "."))))
      ;; Case 4: Locate a regular headline in the hierarchy.  Display
@@ -2739,7 +2727,7 @@ Return nil, otherwise."
        ;; We found one.
        (when headline
 	 (format "<text:bookmark-ref text:reference-format=\"text\" text:ref-name=\"OrgXref.%s\">%s</text:bookmark-ref>"
-		 (org-export-solidify-link-text label)
+		 label
 		 (let ((title (org-element-property :title headline)))
 		   (org-export-data title info)))))
      (error "FIXME?"))))
@@ -2782,8 +2770,7 @@ INFO is a plist holding contextual information.  See
 	(if (not destination) desc
 	  (format
 	   "<text:bookmark-ref text:reference-format=\"text\" text:ref-name=\"OrgXref.%s\">%s</text:bookmark-ref>"
-	   (org-export-solidify-link-text
-	    (org-element-property :value destination))
+	   (org-export-get-reference destination info)
 	   desc))))
      ;; Links pointing to a headline: Find destination and build
      ;; appropriate referencing command.
@@ -2804,9 +2791,10 @@ INFO is a plist holding contextual information.  See
 	   ;; If there's a description, create a hyperlink.
 	   ;; Otherwise, try to provide a meaningful description.
 	   (if (not desc) (org-odt-link--infer-description destination info)
-	     (let ((label (or (and (string= type "custom-id")
-				   (org-element-property :CUSTOM_ID destination))
-			      (org-export-get-headline-id destination info))))
+	     (let ((label
+		    (or (and (string= type "custom-id")
+			     (org-element-property :CUSTOM_ID destination))
+			(org-export-get-reference destination info))))
 	       (format
 		"<text:a xlink:type=\"simple\" xlink:href=\"#%s\">%s</text:a>"
 		label desc))))
@@ -2814,29 +2802,29 @@ INFO is a plist holding contextual information.  See
 	  (target
 	   ;; If there's a description, create a hyperlink.
 	   ;; Otherwise, try to provide a meaningful description.
-	   (let ((label (org-element-property :value destination)))
-	     (format "<text:a xlink:type=\"simple\" xlink:href=\"#%s\">%s</text:a>"
-		     (org-export-solidify-link-text label)
-		     (or desc (org-export-get-ordinal destination info)))))
+	   (format "<text:a xlink:type=\"simple\" xlink:href=\"#%s\">%s</text:a>"
+		   (org-export-get-reference destination info)
+		   (or desc (org-export-get-ordinal destination info))))
 	  ;; Case 4: Fuzzy link points to some element (e.g., an
 	  ;; inline image, a math formula or a table).
 	  (otherwise
 	   (let ((label-reference
-		  (ignore-errors (org-odt-format-label
-				  destination info 'reference))))
-	     (cond ((not label-reference)
-		    (org-odt-link--infer-description destination info))
-		   ;; LINK has no description.  Create
-		   ;; a cross-reference showing entity's sequence
-		   ;; number.
-		   ((not desc) label-reference)
-		   ;; LINK has description.  Insert a hyperlink with
-		   ;; user-provided description.
-		   (t
-		    (let ((label (org-element-property :name destination)))
-		      (format "<text:a xlink:type=\"simple\" xlink:href=\"#%s\">%s</text:a>"
-			      (org-export-solidify-link-text label)
-			      desc)))))))))
+		  (ignore-errors
+		    (org-odt-format-label destination info 'reference))))
+	     (cond
+	      ((not label-reference)
+	       (org-odt-link--infer-description destination info))
+	      ;; LINK has no description.  Create
+	      ;; a cross-reference showing entity's sequence
+	      ;; number.
+	      ((not desc) label-reference)
+	      ;; LINK has description.  Insert a hyperlink with
+	      ;; user-provided description.
+	      (t
+	       (format
+		"<text:a xlink:type=\"simple\" xlink:href=\"#%s\">%s</text:a>"
+		(org-export-get-reference destination info)
+		desc))))))))
      ;; Coderef: replace link with the reference name or the
      ;; equivalent line number.
      ((string= type "coderef")
@@ -3070,9 +3058,7 @@ holding contextual information."
   "Transcode a RADIO-TARGET object from Org to ODT.
 TEXT is the text of the target.  INFO is a plist holding
 contextual information."
-  (org-odt--target
-   text (org-export-solidify-link-text
-	 (org-element-property :value radio-target))))
+  (org-odt--target text (org-export-get-reference radio-target info)))
 
 
 ;;;; Special Block
@@ -3681,8 +3667,7 @@ pertaining to indentation here."
   "Transcode a TARGET object from Org to ODT.
 CONTENTS is nil.  INFO is a plist holding contextual
 information."
-  (let ((value (org-element-property :value target)))
-    (org-odt--target "" (org-export-solidify-link-text value))))
+  (org-odt--target "" (org-export-get-reference target info)))
 
 
 ;;;; Timestamp
diff --git a/lisp/ox-texinfo.el b/lisp/ox-texinfo.el
index 788cd40..ac7cbe3 100644
--- a/lisp/ox-texinfo.el
+++ b/lisp/ox-texinfo.el
@@ -459,11 +459,9 @@ anchor name is unique."
     (or (cdr (assq blob cache))
 	(let ((name
 	       (org-texinfo--sanitize-node
-		(case (org-element-type blob)
-		  (headline
-		   (org-export-data (org-export-get-alt-title blob info) info))
-		  ((radio-target target) (org-element-property :value blob))
-		  (otherwise (or (org-element-property :name blob) ""))))))
+		(if (eq (org-element-type blob) 'headline)
+		    (org-export-data (org-export-get-alt-title blob info) info)
+		  (org-export-get-reference blob info)))))
 	  ;; Ensure NAME is unique.
 	  (while (rassoc name cache) (setq name (concat name "x")))
 	  (plist-put info :texinfo-node-cache (cons (cons blob name) cache))
@@ -1205,8 +1203,7 @@ holding contextual information."
 TEXT is the text of the target.  INFO is a plist holding
 contextual information."
   (format "@anchor{%s}%s"
-	  (org-export-solidify-link-text
-	   (org-element-property :value radio-target))
+	  (org-export-get-reference radio-target info)
 	  text))
 
 ;;;; Section
@@ -1345,8 +1342,7 @@ a communication channel."
   "Transcode a TARGET object from Org to Texinfo.
 CONTENTS is nil.  INFO is a plist holding contextual
 information."
-  (format "@anchor{%s}"
-	  (org-export-solidify-link-text (org-element-property :value target))))
+  (format "@anchor{%s}" (org-export-get-reference target info)))
 
 ;;;; Timestamp